Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito bwalo la gofu, ndalama zokonzera bwalo la gofu zikukwera tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe zakhala vuto lalikulu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Momwe mungachepetsere ndalama zokonzera bwalo la gofu zakhala nkhawa ya aliyense wochita bwalo la gofu. Nkhaniyi ipereka malingaliro 7 omwe angachepetse bwino mtengo wokonzera bwalo la gofu.
Kusamalira udzu wa pabwaloOgwira ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti njira zokonzera udzu pabwalo la gofu sizongovuta komanso zodula. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti udzu ukukwaniritsa zofunikira za miyezo ya bwalo la gofu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mabwalo a gofu komanso ndalama zomwe amapeza pabwalo la gofu. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zokonzera bwalo la gofu zikupitirira kukwera. Feteleza, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kudula mitengo ndi kukonza zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri. Komabe, iyi si njira yokhayo. Mfundo 7 zotsatirazi zichepetsa bwino mtengo wokonzera udzu pabwalo la gofu.
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera feteleza wa mankhwala kungathandize kuchepetsa matenda
Kupopera kwa phosphorous kapena manganese kuchokera ku masamba kumatha kuletsa mawanga a bulauni ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwa mankhwala ophera fungicides ogulitsa. Nthawi yomweyo, zidawonedwanso kuti kugwiritsa ntchito 0.25kg ya feteleza wa potassium silicate pa 100m² kungathandize kuchepetsa matenda a mawanga a bulauni ndi 10 mpaka 20%. Mukachiritsidwa ndi njira yomweyi, matenda a mawanga a ndalama amatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 10%.
Feteleza wa potaziyamu carbonate angagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa mabowo a basidiomycete m'munda. Fetelezayu amagwira ntchito bwino akagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mabowo a bowa akuyamba kuonekera masika kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Ikani kawiri pa sabata iliyonse, 8g/m2 nthawi iliyonse, thirirani madzi mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kuti asapse masamba. Ofufuzawa adapezanso kuti mankhwalawa amachepetsanso kupezeka kwa madontho a bulauni.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu za udzu zabwino kwambiri kungathandize kuchepetsa kudulira
Mitundu ya udzu "wamba" imapanga zodula zambiri kuposa mitundu yapamwamba. Iyi ndi mfundo yodziwika bwino, yomwe imawoneka yotsutsana koma yolondola, chifukwa m'misika yomwe imafuna kuyang'aniridwa kwakukulu, mbewu za udzu wamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomwe ogulitsa mbewu amagula. Mu kafukufuku wina, zidapezeka kuti panali kusiyana kwakukulu pa kuchuluka kwa fumbi la udzu lomwe limapangidwa ndi mbewu za udzu wamba ndi mbewu zapamwamba za udzu. Mtundu wamba wa udzu wabuluu umapanga udzu wochulukirapo ndi 70% kuposa mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa udzu wosatha, Blackburg Linn, 50% kuposa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya fescue Tara ndi K-31, ndi 13% kuposa Apache.
3、Njira zoyenera zodulira mitengo zingathandize kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi
Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, kudula udzu kumagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa othirira. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti ngati kutalika kwa kudula kwa Poa annua kwachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 2.5cm kufika pa 0.6cm, madzi othirira amafunikira theka lokha la kuchuluka koyambirira. Komabe, udzu wodulidwa pang'ono woterewu udzakhala ndi mizu yaifupi, kotero udzu wodulidwa pang'ono sungathe kupirira chilala, zomwe zingayambitse udzu kukhala chlorotic kapena kuwonongeka. M'madera omwe ali ndi nyengo ya kontinenti komwe udzu uyenera kuthiriridwa, kudula pang'ono kuti muwonjezere kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kungapangitse zotsatira zabwino.
Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa kudula mitengo kuti chinyezi chikhalebe. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti pamene kudula mitengo kunawonjezeka kuchoka pa kawiri pa sabata kufika pa kasanu ndi kamodzi pa sabata, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kunakwera ndi 41%. Komabe, pali zoletsa pakusunga madzi mwa kuthirira pang'ono, ndipo madzi amawonongeka ngati udzu ukukula kwambiri.
4. Kuyang'anira malo ochitira masewera a bwalo lamasewera
Kugawa mabwalo a gofu m'malo osiyanasiyana osamalira ndi kuyang'anira kungathandize kuchepetsa ndalama zosamalira. Zachidziwikire, kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo malo obiriwira, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, mabokosi a tee ndi madera ena a bwalo lililonse la gofu sikungachepetsedwe ndipo sikuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Komabe, m'madera ena mutha kuyesa njira zotsatirazi:
Choyamba, gawani chithunzi cha bwalo m'mabwalo ndi ma triangles. Gawo lililonse limasankha mulingo wosamalira ndikulemba kuchokera pa "A" mpaka "G." Gawo lililonse lili ndi miyezo yake yokhazikitsira feteleza, kuthirira, kudulira, ndi kulamulira tizilombo. Gawo A (lobiriwira) likhoza kulandira kasamalidwe kalikonse kofunikira, ndipo madera ena achepetsa ndalama zosamalira motsatizana. Dongosololi linaperekedwa ku komiti yoyang'anira kalabu kuti livomerezedwe pambuyo poti ogwira ntchito yosamalira agwirizana. Izi zimathandiza kuti ndalama zosamalira zichepetsedwe m'malo osankhidwa, motero kuchepetsa ndalama zonse. Kukhazikitsa njirazi sikungokhudza ubwino ndi kusewera kwa bwaloli, komanso kupanga "kubwerera kudera lachilengedwe" m'malo omwe kudulira kapena njira zina zosamalira zimachepetsedwa, zomwe zidzayamikiridwa ndi osewera gofu.
5. "Phunzitsani" udzu
Monga woyang'anira udzu, muthanso "kuphunzitsa" udzu wanu kuti usamafune madzi ambiri. Kum'mawa kwa United States, udzu wodulidwa kwambiri ukhoza kuchedwetsa kuthirira koyamba mpaka pa Julayi 4 m'zaka zambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuti mizu ya udzu ilowe mkati mwa nthaka pofunafuna chinyezi. Ikani udzu wanu m'njira zingapo zazifupi zouma komanso zonyowa kuti mulimbikitse kukula kwa mizu.
Njira iyi ndi yoyeneranso pa udzu wodulidwa pang'ono, ngakhale nthawi yoyamba kuthirira idzakhala yoyambirira. Monga woyang'anira udzu wa turf, muyenera kupewa kukhala njira yoyamba m'dera lanu kuthirira misewu yonse ndi madera a udzu wautali nthawi ya masika.
Inde, pali zoopsa pa "kuphunzitsa" udzu. Koma chilala cha masika chingapangitse mizu ya udzu kukula kwambiri m'nthaka. Mizu yozama iyi imayamba kugwira ntchito pakati pa chilimwe, imagwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa komanso imakhala yolimba kwambiri ku chilengedwe.
6. Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa kudula udzu
Kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi bungwe lofufuza ku New York adapeza kuti udzu wosakanikirana ndi udzu wa ryegrass wosatha kapena fescue yayitali (kapena mitundu ya fescue yayitali) umakula bwino, umafunikira kudula kwambiri, ndipo umapanga zotsalira za udzu zomwe zimakhala zochepa kuposa kukula kwake. Udzu monga fine fescue kapena bluegrass ndi wochuluka ndi 90 mpaka 270%.
Kafukufuku wapeza kuti ndalama zambiri zitha kusungidwa mwa kusintha mitundu ya udzu ndikuchepetsa kudula udzu. Wofufuza James Wilmott nthawi ina adawerengera akaunti, "Ngati zimawononga $150 pa ekala kuti zisakanizidwe ndi mtundu wa udzu womwe umafuna kudula udzu kwambiri, ndiye kuti zimawononga pafupifupi $50 pa ekala kuti zisakanizidwe ndi mtundu wa udzu womwe umafuna kudula udzu pang'ono. Kuphatikiza kumeneku kumawononga pafupifupi 1/3 yokha. Zofunikira pa feteleza zimasunga pafupifupi $120 pa ekala, zomwe zikutanthauza $12,000 pa nyengo."
Zachidziwikire, kusintha bluegrass kapena tall fescue sikungatheke nthawi zonse. Komabe, akangoyambabwalo la gofu M'malo mwa udzu womwe umafunika kudulidwa pafupipafupi ndi udzu womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono, ukhoza kusunga ndalama zambiri pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa kudula.
7. Chepetsani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera udzu
Aliyense wamvapo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera udzu ochepa ndikwabwino pa chilengedwe. Komabe, kodi mankhwala ophera udzu angachepe popanda kusokoneza ubwino wa bwalo la gofu? Malinga ndi kafukufuku, kuti muchepetse udzu wa crabgrass kapena goosegrass, mankhwala ophera udzu ochepa omwe asanafike nthawi yomera amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza chaka chilichonse. Anapeza kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka konse chaka choyamba, theka la kuchuluka kwa udzu zaka ziwiri zilizonse, ndi theka la kuchuluka kwa udzu pambuyo pa zaka zitatu kapena kuposerapo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumeneku kumabweretsa zotsatira zofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka konse chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti pamene udzu ukukula komanso kupirira udzu, udzu umatenga malo ochepa m'nthaka pakapita nthawi.
Njira yosavuta yochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikukhala mkati mwa mlingo womwe wafotokozedwa pa malembo ambiri ophera tizilombo. Ngati chizindikirocho chikulimbikitsa mlingo wa 0.15 ~ 0.3kg pa ekala, gwiritsani ntchito mlingo wotsika kwambiri. Njira imeneyi yamuthandiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi 10% poyerekeza ndi njira zina zapafupi.
Kusamalira udzu kwambiri kungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mabwalo ambiri a gofu, ndipo kuthekera kwake kosunga ndalama n'kodziwikiratu. Monga woyang'anira udzu, mungayesere.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-20-2024