Momwe mungamerezere udzu

Kukula bwino kwa udzu kumadalira zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale kuti zakudya zimenezi zilipo kale m'nthaka, zimafunikabe "kuwonjezeredwa".

1. Sankhani feteleza woyenera. Nayitrogeni si chinthu chokha chomwe chili ndi zinthu zambiri m'zomera, komanso michere yomwe imafunika kuwonjezeredwa kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Zinthu zitatuzi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndi kubwezeretsa zomera, koma zambiri kapena zochepa zimayambitsa mavuto pakukula. Nthawi, kuchuluka ndi njira yobereketsera mbewu nazonso ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa nyengo, mitundu ya nthaka ndi udzu, njira imodzi yoberekera singagwiritsidwe ntchito pa udzu wonse, koma pali mfundo zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, feteleza wa nayitrogeni nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'ma feteleza a nayitrogeni omwe amagwira ntchito mwachangu komanso omwe amatuluka pang'onopang'ono. Ngati kuchuluka kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni komwe kumatuluka mwachangu kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa feteleza. M'malo mwake, ngati feteleza wa nayitrogeni wotulutsa pang'onopang'ono wokha agwiritsidwa ntchito, udzuwo ukhoza kukula pang'onopang'ono pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwino yokulira, ndipo udzakhala wosavuta kuwonongeka pansi pa malo osakula bwino chifukwa cha kukula koipa. Chifukwa chake, njira yabwino yoberekera ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza feteleza wa nayitrogeni wogwira ntchito mwachangu komanso wotulutsa pang'onopang'ono. Wapamwamba kwambirifeteleza wa udzuMuli mitundu iwiri ya feteleza wa nayitrogeni yomwe ili pamwambapa, yomwe ingakwaniritse zosowa za michere za zomera tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nthawi yayitali (nthawi zambiri milungu 6 mpaka 12). Chizindikiro cha feteleza nthawi zambiri chimasonyeza momwe feteleza wa chinthucho ulili komanso mtundu wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni womwe uli nawo. Ngati simungapeze zambiri zomwe zili pamwambapa pa phukusi la chinthucho, musagule. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mtengo wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni womwe umatuluka pang'onopang'ono ndi wokwera kuposa wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni womwe umatuluka mwachangu.

2. Nthawi yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza Mwachidule, udzu uyenera kudyetsedwa feteleza ukakula bwino, apo ayi suyenera kudyetsedwa feteleza. Pamene nyengo yachilengedwe (kutentha, chinyezi ndi dzuwa) sizili bwino, feteleza sangalimbikitse udzu kukula. Kutentha kwabwino kwa udzu wa nyengo yozizira ndi pakati pa 15.5℃-26.5℃. M'nyengo yakumpoto, masika ndi autumn nthawi zambiri ndi nthawi yomwe udzu umakula kwambiri, pomwe kukula kwapakati pa chilimwe kumakhala kochedwa. Udzu wa nyengo yotentha umakula bwino kutentha kukapitirira 26.5℃, kotero ndibwino kuti udyetse feteleza nthawi yomwe udzu umakula kwambiri.

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza moyenera Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza molakwika sikungatsimikizire kuti feteleza ikugwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, njira yolondola ndikuyika feteleza woyenera pamalo oyenera. Zida zoberekera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zopopera, zopopera feteleza zamadzimadzi, ndi zopopera feteleza zozungulira kapena zowulutsa. Zopopera ndi zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, koma n'zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mofanana. Zopopera feteleza zamadzimadzi ndizosavuta kukhazikitsa liwiro, koma muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti udzu wonse waphimbidwa. Zopopera feteleza zozungulira pakadali pano ndi zopopera feteleza zogwira mtima komanso zolondola, ndipo zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mwachangu pamalo akulu. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoberekera, onetsetsani kuti mwalabadira mfundo izi:

1. Gulani galimoto yapamwamba kwambirichofalitsira feteleza, dziwani bwino ntchito ya chopatsira feteleza, yeretsani chopatsira feteleza mutachigwiritsa ntchito, yambani kusuntha musanayatse chopatsira feteleza, ndipo zimitsani chopatsira feteleza musanayime.

2. Perekani feteleza pamene udzu ukumera bwino.

3. Ikani chopatsira feteleza molingana ndi zofunikira pa chizindikiro cha feteleza.

4. Udzu wonse uyenera kupatsidwa feteleza popanda kusowa.

5. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono pogwiritsa ntchito chogwiritsira ntchito feteleza chozungulira.

6. Kuthirira nthawi yomweyo mukangothira feteleza kungathandize kuti feteleza igwire bwino ntchito. Ndi bwino kuthirira feteleza mvula isanagwe.