Pokonza ndi kusamalira udzu mutabzala, makina ochapira udzu okhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana amafunika, kuphatikizapo odulira udzu, aercore, ofalitsa feteleza, odulira udzu, odula udzu, makina odulira udzu, makina odulira udzu, makina odulira udzu, makina odulira udzu, makina odulira udzu, ndi makina odulira pamwamba, ndi zina zotero. Pano tikuyang'ana kwambiri makina odulira udzu, makina opumira udzu ndi makina odulira udzu.
1. Chotsukira udzu
Makina odulira udzu ndi makina akuluakulu osamalira udzu. Kusankha mwasayansi, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthawi zonse komanso kusamalira mosamala makina odulira udzu ndizomwe zimafunika kwambiri pakusamalira udzu. Kudulira udzu panthawi yoyenera kungathandize kuti ukule bwino, kuletsa zomera kuti zisaphuke, zisamachite maluwa, komanso kuti zisabereke zipatso, komanso kuletsa kukula kwa udzu komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kumachita mbali yayikulu pakukweza zotsatira za malo a m'munda komanso kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mafakitale a m'munda.
1.1 Kuwunika chitetezo musanayambe ntchito
Musanadule udzu, yang'anani ngati tsamba la makina odulira lawonongeka, ngati mtedza ndi mabawuti zamangidwa, ngati mphamvu ya tayala, mafuta, ndi zizindikiro za petulo ndi zabwinobwino. Kwa makina odulira udzu okhala ndi zida zamagetsi zoyambira, batire iyenera kuyatsidwa kwa maola osachepera 12 isanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba; ndodo zamatabwa, miyala, matailosi, mawaya achitsulo ndi zinyalala zina ziyenera kuchotsedwa mu udzu musanadule udzu. Malo okhazikika monga mitu ya mapaipi othirira madzi othirira ayenera kulembedwa kuti asawononge masamba. Musanadule udzu, yesani kutalika kwa udzu ndikusintha makina odulira udzu kukhala kutalika koyenera. Ndibwino kuti musadule udzu pamalo onyowa mutathirira madzi, mvula yambiri kapena nyengo yamvula.
1.2 Ntchito zodula mitengo nthawi zonse
Musamacheke udzu pamene pali ana kapena ziweto pamalo ochekerera udzu, dikirani kuti asakhale kutali musanapitirire. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina ochekerera udzu, valani zoteteza maso, musayende opanda nsapato kapena kuvala nsapato mukadula udzu, nthawi zambiri muzivala zovala zantchito ndi nsapato zogwirira ntchito; dulani udzu nthawi yabwino. Mukagwira ntchito, makina ochekerera udzu ayenera kusunthidwa patsogolo pang'onopang'ono, ndipo liwiro lisakhale lachangu kwambiri. Mukachekerera udzu pamalo otsetsereka, musapite pamwamba ndi pansi. Mukatembenuza malo otsetsereka, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti makinawo akhale okhazikika. Pa udzu wokhala ndi malo otsetsereka opitirira madigiri 15, makina ochekerera udzu odziyendetsa okha sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kudula udzu mwamakina n'koletsedwa pamalo otsetsereka kwambiri. Musanyamule kapena kusuntha makina ochekerera udzu mukadula udzu, ndipo musadule udzu mukabwerera m'mbuyo. Makina ochekerera udzu akakumana ndi kugwedezeka kosazolowereka kapena kukumana ndi zinthu zachilendo, zimitsani injini nthawi yake, chotsani spark plug ndikuyang'ana mbali zofunikira za makina ochekerera udzu.
1.3 Kusamalira makina
Zigawo zonse za makina odulira udzu ziyenera kudzozedwa mafuta nthawi zonse motsatira malamulo omwe ali m'buku la makina odulira udzu. Mutu wodulira uyenera kutsukidwa nthawi iliyonse ukagwiritsidwa ntchito. Fyuluta ya fyuluta ya mpweya iyenera kusinthidwa maola 25 aliwonse ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pulagi yoyatsira moto iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse. Ngati makina odulira udzu sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, mafuta onse omwe ali mu injini ya petulo ayenera kuchotsedwa madzi ndikusungidwa m'chipinda chouma komanso choyera cha makina. Batire la makina oyambira magetsi kapena makina odulira udzu amagetsi ayenera kuyikidwa chaji nthawi zonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi kukonza kungapangitse kuti makina odulira udzu azitha kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali, kuwonjezera mphamvu, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ndi yotetezeka.
2. Malo Otsetsereka a Turf
Zipangizo zazikulu zobowolera udzu ndi chopopera udzu. Ntchito yobowolera udzu ndi kukonza udzu ndi njira yothandiza yokonzanso udzu, makamaka pa udzu komwe anthu amakhala otanganidwa ndi kupopera mpweya pafupipafupi, kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito makina kubowola mabowo a kukula kwake, kuzama ndi m'mimba mwake pa udzu. Kukulitsa nthawi yake yowonera wobiriwira komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito. Malinga ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zopumira mpweya pobowola udzu, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mipeni yobowola yathyathyathya, mipeni yopanda kanthu, mipeni yolimba yozungulira, zodulira mizu yathyathyathya ndi mitundu ina ya mipeni yobowola udzu.
2.1 Mfundo zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito chotenthetsera udzu
2.1.1 Chopopera mpweya cha udzu chopangidwa ndi manja
Chopopera mpweya cha udzu chopangidwa ndi manja chili ndi kapangidwe kosavuta ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi munthu m'modzi. Gwirani chogwirira ndi manja onse awiri mukamachigwiritsa ntchito, kanikizani mpeni wopanda kanthu wa chitoliro pansi pa udzu mpaka kuzama kwina pamalo obowolera, kenako tulutsani mpeni wa chitoliro. Chifukwa mpeni wa chitoliro uli ndi dzenje, mpeni wa chitoliro ukabowola nthaka, dothi lapakati lidzakhalabe mu mpeni wa chitoliro, ndipo dzenje lina likabowoledwa, dothi lapakati pa chitoliro limakankhira mmwamba kupita mu chidebe chozungulira. Silinda si yothandizira chida chobowolera chokha, komanso chidebe cha dothi lapakati mukabowolera. Dothi lapakati mu chidebe likasonkhanitsidwa kufika pamlingo winawake, litsanulireni kuchokera kumapeto otseguka apamwamba. Chodulira chitoliro chimayikidwa pansi pa silinda, ndipo chimakanikizidwa ndikuyikidwa ndi mabolt awiri. Mabolt akamasulidwa, chodulira chitolirocho chikhoza kusunthidwa mmwamba ndi pansi kuti chisinthe kuya kosiyanasiyana kwa kubowolera. Mtundu uwu wa kuboola mabowo umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kumunda ndi malo ang'onoang'ono a udzu komwe kuboola mabowo pogwiritsa ntchito injini sikoyenera, monga dzenje pafupi ndi muzu wa mtengo pamalo obiriwira, mozungulira bedi la maluwa komanso mozungulira ndodo ya goli ya bwalo lamasewera.
Aercore yowongoka ya udzu
Mtundu uwu wa makina obowola umagwira ntchito yoyenda mmwamba ndi pansi molunjika pa chipangizocho panthawi yobowola, kotero kuti mabowo otulukira mpweya obowola amakhala olunjika pansi popanda kunyamula dothi, motero kukweza ubwino wa ntchito yobowola. Makina obowola odziyendetsa okha oyenda amakhala ndi injini, makina otumizira, chipangizo chobowola choyima, njira yolipirira kuyenda, chipangizo choyendera, ndi njira yowongolera. Kumbali imodzi, mphamvu ya injini imayendetsa mawilo oyendayenda kudzera mu makina otumizira, ndipo kumbali ina, chida chobowola chimapanga kayendedwe kobwerezabwereza koyima kudzera mu makina otsetsereka. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti chida chodulira chikuyenda moyima popanda kunyamula dothi panthawi yobowola, njira yolipirira kuyenda imatha kukankhira chida chodulira kuti chiyende molunjika ndi kupita patsogolo kwa makina pambuyo poti chidacho chalowetsedwa mu udzu, ndipo liwiro lake loyenda ndi lofanana ndendende ndi liwiro la kupita patsogolo kwa makina. Imatha kusunga chidacho chili choyima poyerekeza ndi nthaka panthawi yobowola. Chidacho chikachotsedwa pansi, njira yolipirira ikhoza kubweza chidacho mwachangu kuti chikonzekere kubowola kwotsatira.
Chopumira mpweya chozungulira udzu
Makina awa ndi odzipangira okha udzu wodziyendetsa okha, omwe amapangidwa makamaka ndi injini, chimango, mkono wopumira, njira yogwirira ntchito, gudumu la pansi, gudumu lopondereza kapena lopondereza, njira yotumizira mphamvu, chopukusira mpeni ndi zina. Mphamvu ya injini imayendetsa mawilo oyenda kudzera mu makina otumizira mbali imodzi, ndipo mbali inayo imayendetsa chopukusira mpeni kuti chizungulire patsogolo. Chida choboola chomwe chimayikidwa pa chopukusira mpeni chimayikidwa ndikutulutsidwa m'nthaka motsatizana, ndikusiya mabowo opumira pa udzu. Mtundu uwu wa makina oboola umadalira kwambiri kulemera kwa makinawo kuti amenye, kotero uli ndi chopukusira kapena chopondereza kuti chiwonjezere mphamvu ya chida choboola kulowa m'nthaka. Gawo lake lalikulu logwira ntchito ndi chopukusira mpeni, chomwe chili ndi mitundu iwiri, chimodzi ndikuyika mipeni yoboola mofanana pa chopukusira chozungulira, ndipo china ndikuyika ndikukhazikitsa pamakona apamwamba a ma disc angapo kapena ma polygons ofanana. Kapena chida choboola chokhala ndi ngodya yosinthika.
3. Chodulira Verti
Verticutter ndi mtundu wa makina odulira udzu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zodulira udzu. Udzu ukakula, mizu, tsinde, ndi masamba akufa zimasonkhana pa udzu, zomwe zimalepheretsa nthaka kuyamwa madzi, mpweya ndi feteleza. Zimapangitsa nthaka kukhala yopanda chonde, zimaletsa kukula kwa masamba atsopano a chomera, komanso zimakhudza kukula kwa mizu yosaya ya udzu, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwake ngati kuli chilala komanso nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chodulira udzu kuti mupese masamba ouma a udzu ndikulimbikitsa kukula ndi kukula kwa udzu.
3.1 Kapangidwe ka verticutter
Chodulira choyimirira chimatha kupesa udzu ndikupesa mizu, ndipo zina zimakhalanso ndi ntchito yodula mizu. Kapangidwe kake kakakulu kamafanana ndi ka chodulira chozungulira, kupatula kuti chodulira chozungulira chimasinthidwa ndi chodulira. Mpeni wokongoletsa uli ndi mawonekedwe a mano a waya wopindika wachitsulo, mpeni wowongoka, mpeni wooneka ngati "S" ndi mpeni wopindika. Zitatu zoyambirira ndi zosavuta kapangidwe kake ndipo zimagwira ntchito modalirika; choduliracho chili ndi kapangidwe kovuta, koma chili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yogonjetsa mphamvu zakunja zosintha. Mukakumana mwadzidzidzi ndi kukana kowonjezereka, choduliracho chimapindika kuti chichepetse kugwedezeka, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza kukhazikika kwa tsamba ndi injini. Chodulira choponda ndi dzanja chimapangidwa makamaka ndi ma handrails, chimango, gudumu la pansi, chodulira chochepetsera kuya kapena gudumu lochepetsera kuya, injini, njira yotumizira ndi chodulira chokonzera udzu. Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi, makina odulira udzu nthawi zambiri amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu woponda ndi dzanja ndi mtundu wokwezedwa ndi thirakitala.
3.2 Malo ogwirira ntchito a verticutter
Chotsukira udzu chimakhala ndi masamba ambiri oyima okhala ndi nthawi inayake pa shaft. Shaft yotulutsa mphamvu ya injini imalumikizidwa ku shaft yodula kudzera mu lamba kuti iyendetse masambawo kuti azungulire mofulumira kwambiri. Masambawo akayandikira udzu, amang'amba masamba ouma a udzu ndikuwaponyera pa udzu, kuyembekezera kuti zida zogwirira ntchito zotsatizana ziyeretsedwe. Kuzama kwa tsamba kungasinthidwe mwa kusintha kutalika kwa shaft yochepetsera kuya kapena shaft yochepetsera kuya kudzera mu makina osinthira, kapena mwa kusintha mtunda pakati pa gudumu loyenda ndi shaft yodula. Verticutter yoyikidwa pa thirakitala imatumiza mphamvu ya injini ku shaft yozungulira mpeni kudzera mu chipangizo chotulutsa mphamvu kuti iyendetse tsamba kuti lizungulire. Kuzama kwa tsamba kumasinthidwa ndi makina oimitsa madzi a thirakitala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-24-2021