Malo osamalira udzu wobiriwira-Zitatu

4. Kupatsa feteleza
Feteleza uyenera kuyikidwa pang'ono komanso kangapo kuti udzu ukule mofanana.

(1) Feteleza
① Manyowa ophatikizana amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: osungunuka mwachangu ndi osungunuka pang'onopang'ono, omwe ndi feteleza akuluakulu a udzu wobiriwira. Feteleza wophatikizana nthawi yomweyo amasungunuka m'madzi kenako amapopera, pomwe feteleza wophatikizana pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri amafalikira mwachindunji mouma. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikizana pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kutentha kwapafupi, kotero imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa udzu wobiriwira womwe sufunikira zambiri.
② Urea. Urea ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni wothandiza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala udzu wobiriwira. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni mopitirira muyeso pa udzu wobiriwira kungapangitse kuti matenda a zomera achepe ndikufalikira. Kuchulukana kosayenera kungayambitsenso kutentha, kotero nthawi zambiri sikoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
③ Feteleza wa nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi ali ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi urea.
④ Feteleza wophatikizana nthawi yayitali ndi feteleza wolimba wokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi feteleza wautali komanso zotsatira zabwino. Kawirikawiri, sipadzakhala vuto la kutentha, koma ndi lokwera mtengo.

(2) Mfundo zakusankha feteleza
Udzu wobiriwira pamwamba pa gawo 1 umagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikizana nthawi yomweyo ndi feteleza wa nthawi yayitali, udzu wobiriwira wa gawo 2 ndi 3 umagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikizana womwe umasungunuka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo udzu wa gawo 4 kwenikweni sugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.

(3) Njira yoberekera
① Feteleza wosakaniza nthawi yomweyo amasungunuka mu bafa la madzi pamlingo wa 0.5%, kenako amapopera mofanana ndi chopopera champhamvu. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza ndi 80㎡/kg.
② Mukamaliza kusungunula madzi molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mlingo womwe watchulidwa, thirani ndi chopopera champhamvu.
③ Falitsani feteleza wa nthawi yayitali mofanana ndi manja malinga ndi mlingo womwe waperekedwa, ndipo thirani madzi kamodzi musanayambe komanso mutamaliza feteleza.
④ Falitsani feteleza wosungunuka pang'onopang'ono mofanana pa mlingo wa 20g/㎡.
⑤ Sakanizani urea ndi madzi pamlingo wa 0.5%, ndipo thirani ndi mfuti yopopera yamphamvu.
⑥ Kuthira feteleza kumachitika motsatira masitepe a nsonga, chidutswa, ndi dera kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwirizana.

(4) Nthawi yoberekera
① Nthawi yothira feteleza kwa nthawi yayitali imatsimikiziridwa motsatira malangizo a feteleza.
② Udzu wobiriwira wa mtundu wapadera ndi woyamba womwe sunaphatikizidwe ndi feteleza wa nthawi yayitali uyenera kuthira feteleza wosakaniza nthawi yomweyo kamodzi pamwezi.
③ Urea imagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha ngati chomera chobiriwira pa zikondwerero zazikulu ndi zowunikira, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumayendetsedwa mosamala nthawi zina.
④ Feteleza wosungunuka pang'onopang'ono amaikidwa kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse kwa a giredi yachiwiri ndi yachitatu.udzu wobiriwiraudzu.