Masika mu Meyi ndi nyengo yabwino kwambiri pamabwalo ambiri a gofu ku China. Udzu wouma wa nyengo yotentha umadzuka kuchokera ku nthawi yopumula, ndipo udzu wopindika umakhala wodzaza ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimapatsa masamba abwino kwambiri. Kwa okonda gofu, kutentha koyenera, dzuwa lofunda, mabwalo obiriwira a gofu, makamaka masamba osalala komanso othamanga ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yomenya mpira. Koma tsiku lina, pamene osewera gofu okondwa anabwera ku malo obiriwira, mwadzidzidzi adapeza kuti masamba omwe anali osalala dzulo anali atabooledwa ndipo sanali kuzindikirika konse. Nthawi zambiri ankafunsa chifukwa chake masamba abwino amafunika kubooledwa. Nthawi zina ngakhale bwana wa kilabu ankafunsa woyang'anira udzu ngati angasiye ntchito yoboolera kapena kuchedwetsa nthawi yoboolera. Inde, palibe chomwe chingapangitse alendo kumva kunyansidwa kwambiri kuposa mabowo, koma kuti amvetsetse alendo, ayenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake mabowo amafunika kuboolera.
Choyambirira,mabowo obowolazimathandiza madzi kulowa m'nthaka mwachangu. Udzu umapanga denga lolimba pamwamba pa udzu wobiriwira, ndipo udzu wouma pamwamba pake umalepheretsa madzi kulowa m'nthaka. Ndipo pamene nthaka ikukhuthala kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti madzi alowe. Pazochitika zoopsa, "malo ouma" amapangidwa, ndipo mosasamala kanthu kuti madzi agwiritsidwa ntchito motani, malo oumawo sangalowe m'nthaka. Nthawi zina oyang'anira udzu amagwiritsa ntchito zolowera kuti athane ndi malo ouma. Zachidziwikire, zolowera nazonso zimathandiza, koma kubowola ndikotsika mtengo komanso kothandiza kwambiri. Singano yobowola imalowa mwachindunji mu udzu ndi udzu wofa, ndikupanga njira yoti madzi alowe m'nthaka. Nthawi yomweyo, imapanganso malo olowera mpweya. Mizu ya zomera imafunika kupuma mpweya wokwanira kuti zitsimikizire kuti kagayidwe kabwino ka thupi ka zomera kamakhala bwino.
Kachiwiri, kuti udzu ukhale wobiriwira, kuwongolera udzu wakufa (kapena zinthu zachilengedwe) m'nthaka ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti udzu ukule. Mizu ya udzu ikukula nthawi zonse, kufa, ndikumeranso mumchenga. Mizu yakufa iyi imakhalabe m'mipata mumchenga, kuyembekezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tiwole kukhala mchere, womwe umatengedwanso ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera. Komabe, zimatenga nthawi kuti mizu yakufa iyi iwole, ndipo yomwe ilibe nthawi yowola imakhala zinthu zachilengedwe mumchenga. Zinthu zachilengedwe izi zili ngati masiponji, omwe amatha kuyamwa madzi awo kangapo. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndikofunikira paminda ya udzu wamchenga, zomwe zimathandiza kusunga madzi ndi feteleza. Komabe, pamene zomwe zili mkati mwake zifika pamlingo winawake, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakukula kwa udzu, monga matenda ambiri, "kudya" kosavuta, masamba ofewa komanso ofewa, omwe ndi owopsa kwambiri m'chilimwe chotentha komanso chamvula, ndipo amatha kubweretsa kukula koyipa kapena kufa kwa udzu wopindika. Pofuna kuchotsa zinthu zachilengedwe m'nthaka, oyang'anira udzu nthawi zambiri amapanga mabowo opanda kanthu, kudula mizu ndipo nthawi zambiri amafalitsa mchenga woonda. Pakati pawo, kupanga mabowo opanda kanthu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe silinganyalanyazidwe. Mabowo olimba amatha kuchepetsa zinthu zachilengedwe mwa kupititsa patsogolo mpweya wolowera m'nthaka ndikufulumizitsa kuwola kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, pomwe mabowo opanda kanthu amathanso kutulutsa mchenga wokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe mwa kufalitsa mchenga watsopano m'bowo. Chinsinsi chopangira mabowo opanda kanthu ndikudzaza dzenje ndi mchenga watsopano, apo ayi sizingakwaniritse zotsatira zomwe mukufuna zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, monga kutsanulira theka la botolo la vinyo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mowa m'botolo lotsala sikunasinthe. Pokhapokha theka la madzi litawonjezeredwa, kuchuluka kwa mowa kumachepa. M'mimba mwake mwa dzenje lalikulu, malo ocheperako a dzenje, komanso kubowola pafupipafupi, mphamvu yolamulira zinthu zachilengedwe imakhala yabwino. Komabe, kwenikweni, ndikokwanira kuwongolera zinthu zachilengedwe mkati mwa mtundu winawake, nthawi zambiri 1-3%.
Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kuboola ndi nkhani yomwe woyang'anira udzu ayenera kuganizira. Yesani kusankha Lolemba ngati nthawi yoboola, pomwe pali alendo ochepa ndipo ntchitoyo ndi yosavuta. Ndipo yesani kusankha nyengo yomwe udzu umakula kwambiri, kuti udzu ubwererenso mwachangu. Kutentha kwa nthaka ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa udzu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yoboola udzu wa nyengo yotentha imasankhidwa nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe nthawi yoboola udzu wa nyengo yozizira imasankhidwa nthawi ya masika ndi nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yomweyo, yesani kudzaza mipata ndi mchenga. Nthawi zina, kuti mudzaze mipata ndi mchenga, ogwira ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito zombo kutimchenga wokokamobwerezabwereza, zomwe zingawononge kwambiri udzu wobiriwira wofewa, makamaka udzu wobiriwira wa nyengo yozizira, ndipo zimachedwetsa kwambiri nthawi yobowola. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chowumitsira tsitsi kuti mupukute mchenga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kapeti kukoka mchenga, zomwe sizingawononge kwambiri.
Ndi njira yabwinonso yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni kuti mulimbikitse kukula kwa udzu musanaboole. Gwiritsani ntchito magalamu 3-5 a nayitrogeni woyera pa mita imodzi. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza sabata imodzi musanayambe kulowetsa mpweya, chifukwa zimatenga masiku 5-7 kuti fetelezayo ilowerere ndikusinthidwa ndi udzu. Mwanjira imeneyi, udzuwo udzakula mwamphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza pofika nthawi yolowetsa mpweya. Muthanso kupopera feteleza wa masamba kamodzi kapena kawiri mutatha kulowetsa mpweya kuti muthandize kuchira.
Kutsegula mpweya ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zomera zobiriwira zimere bwino. Woyang'anira udzu ayenera kudziwitsa alendo kuti kutsegulira mpweya ndiko kupeza zomera zobiriwira zathanzi nthawi zonse. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kulekerera zovuta za nthawi yochepa. Pang'onopang'ono, alendo adzawona ubwino wopitilira womwe umabwera chifukwa cha kutsegulira mpweya ndikumvetsetsa momwe kutsegulira mpweya kumagwirira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-15-2024