Monga gawo lofunikira kwambiri la gofu, wobiriwirayo ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuti asunthe. Kaya udzu wobiriwira umabzalidwa bwino kapena ayi ndikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi zomwe zingachitike ngati zofunikira za osewera komanso zovuta zomwe zimasungidwa bwino kwambiri komanso kuwongolera mtsogolo. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikitsidwa koyenera ndi kukonzaMALANGIZO OGONIndizofunikira kwambiri. Masitepe omanga akufotokozedwa pansipa:
一. Kukonzekera kusema
Pambuyo pakukula kwa green wobiriwira kumamalizidwa, mizu yosakaniza yaikidwa, ndipo ntchito yowonjezera nthaka yatsirizika pokonzekera mizu yosakaniza. Chifukwa chake, palibe ntchito yomanga bedi pamtundu wobiriwira. Kukonzekeretsa bedi lobiriwira kumafunikira kusintha mtengo wa dothi, ndikuthira mafuta pabedi, kuyika feteleza, ndikusintha pansi.
1.Kusintha kwa mtengo wa dothi mu bedi lathyathyathya: Ntchito zambiri za PH ziyenera kumalizidwa asanadzalemo. Zinthu zosintha ziyenera kusakanikirana pang'ono kumtunda kwa mizu 10 mpaka 15cm. Miyala yaulimi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi nthaka acidic nthaka. Kusintha tinthu abwino kumakhala kothandizanso mwachangu. Marble amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthaka yacidic yokhala ndi chitsulo ndi magnesium. Sulfur nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito dothi lamthupi lapadera kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa kulembetsa kwa ophatikizika kumachokera pazotsatira za dothi. Kungoganiza kuti mizu yosakaniza ndi yomwe ili yomweyo ndikusakanizika bwino, kuchuluka kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yonse iyenera kukhala yomweyo. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zida zogwirizira zitha kusakanikirana pambuyo pa kusakaniza kwa dothi kumayikidwa pamalopo, kapena zitha kuwonjezeredwa pomwe kusakaniza kosakaniza kumasakanikirana. Njira yotsirizira imawonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse zisakanizidwe bwino muzu wosakaniza kuti musinthe pH, koma ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochuluka.
2. Chithandizo cha bedi lam'manja: Chithandizo cha bedi la bedi ndi njira yamankhwala mankhwala obiriwira obiriwira kupha udzu, mabakiteriya a pathogenic, mazira ndi ziwalo zina m'nthaka. Fufuula ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yothira dothi. Ziwopsezo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphatikizapo methyl bromides, chloride, methyl bromides, etc. kufesa zitha kuchitika patadutsa masiku awiri mpaka 5 atatha kufalikira. Kaya bedi lobiriwira liyenera kutchire timatengera momwe zinthu zilili. Nthawi zambiri, pamafunika kuchitika zotsatirazi: Madera ophatikizika a ① madera olemera nthaka ③ Nthaka yosavomerezeka imasakanizidwa muzu wosanjikiza.
3. Ikani feteleza wa feteleza: Pafupifupi mizu yonse yobiriwira imafunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapansi musanadzalemo. Mtundu wa base feteleza ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera zofunikira za udzu komanso zotsatira zoyeserera za nthaka. P ndi k feteleza ndi feteleza awiri akulu mu feteleza wapansi. Ngati mizu yosambika ndi mchenga, nthawi zambiri zimasowa kufufuza zinthu.
Base feteleza nthawi zambiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamzu wa 10 mpaka 15cm pansi, ndikusakaniza mogwirizana ndi osakaniza. Nthawi zina maziko amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mizu yosakaniza ikupangidwa.
Bedi labwino komanso losalala lathyathyathya: pambuyo pa feteleza wapansi, pamwamba pa wobiriwira iyenera kujambulidwa bwino kuti apange bedi lonyowa ndi ma gladol osakaniza dothi ndipo palibe dothi. Chisamaliro chapadera chikuyenera kumwedwa mukamata bedi la matailosi kuti chiteteze gawo lililonse la wopanga, samalirani mawonekedwe ake, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti apange modekha, osalala komanso ngakhale.
二. Kubzala
Pali njira ziwiri zofunika kwambiri zopangira gofu watsopano: Kufalitsa mbewu ndi kufalikira kwa masamba, momwe kufalitsa kwambiri kungakhale njira zinayi: Kubzala, kubzala, kubzala Pulagi ndi tsinde kubzala. Njira zonse ziwiri zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Bentrass, koma kusinthidwa (Paradiso) Bermudagrass imatha kungokhala yofalitsidwa. Ma Gransgrass amamezedwa kwambiri ndi mbewu. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti ndizotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta. Solding ndiyofunikanso pamene wobiriwira umayenera kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu mwachangu kuti ithe kugwiritsa ntchito, koma sod yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi mizu yobiriwira.
Kubzala kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo pa mizu yatsopano yatha. Gwiritsani ntchito ma compactor kuti mulumikizane ndi kama. Kaya kufesa mbewu kapena kubzala matupi a masamba, mfundo zofunika kwambiri panthawi yomwe kukhazikitsa ndikuteteza mawonekedwe osasunthika ndikusunga malo osalala momwe mungathere. Tsopano tikuthamangirira mbali ziwiri kuchokera mbali ziwiri: kubzala nyengo ndi njira yobzala.
Nyengo yobzala: Nyengo yobzala Lamulo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti mupange udzu wofanana. Ntchito zina pa Gofu pa gofu ziyenera kupanga malo abwino polojekiti yobzala udzu kuti kubzala udzu kuchitike mu nyengo yoyenera. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza malo okonzedweratu cha dzinja ndikutentha. Kutentha koyenera kwa mbeu ya mbeu yozizira ndi 15-28 ° C, ndipo ndi kutentha kotentha kwa mbeu ya mbewa yotentha ndi 21-35 ° C. Kutentha kokwanira kwa kukula kwa mmera ndi 25~35 ℃. Nthawi yabwino yobzala hufgrass yozizira sikumachedwa kumapeto kwa chirimwe, kuti mbande zimakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti ikule ndikukula mu nthawi yozizira ikadzabwera. Cufggrass yozizira imatha kubzalidwanso kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Komabe, chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa pansi, chitukuko cha maulamuliro atsopano kumatha, ndipo mabungwe achichepere amayenera kukumana ndi nkhawa zachilengedwe nthawi yachilimwe. Chovala chozizira nthawi zambiri sichibzalidwe chilimwe. . Nyengo yobzala kwambiri yotentha kwambiri ndikuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe, zomwe sizimangokhala kutentha kwa chisanu, komanso kumapereka kukula kwatalika kwatalika kwa mbewu.
2. Njira Zobzala: Kufalitsa mbewu ndi kufalitsa kwa tsinde ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa udzu wobiriwira m'magawo a gofu. Makina obiriwira obiriwira nthawi zambiri amafesedwa kuchokera kumbewu, pomwe bermdagrass amadzola nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kufesa. Njira yokhotakhota ndi kusinthira nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza masamba ogulitsa ndikusinthasintha kwa amadyera mwachangu, kuti akwaniritse cholinga chotembenuzira amadyera m'masamba ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito posachedwa.
2.1 Kufesa Mbeu: Pali njira zitatu zoti musangalale ndi mbeu zitafesa masamba a masamba: kufesa kuya, kufesa gwirizane ndi mawonekedwe a mbewu. Mbewu za kukwawa zokwawa ndizochepa kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kufesa kosaya, nthawi zambiri 5 mpaka 5mm. Kufesa mozama kwambiri kumachepetsa mbewu; Kaya kufesa kuli kofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kwamphamvu komanso yunifolomu ya udzu wobiriwira. Kuti muwonetsetse ngakhale mbewu zobiriwira, mutha kugawanitsa zobiriwira m'malime ang'onoang'ono, kubzala m'malo osiyanasiyana, ndikubzala mbali ziwiri. Kaya mbewuzo zimapangidwanso ndi mtima wonse zimakhudza kumera kwa njere ndi kuchuluka kwa mbande. Mukabzala, gwiritsani ntchito ogudubuza amasokoneza bedi loyaka kuti liwonetsere kulumikizana pakati pa mbewu ndi nthaka. Nthawi zambiri, odzigudubuza ndi kulemera kwa 0,5 ~ 0.8T ndioyenera kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yofesa, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akuyenda pabedi lobiriwira kuti asayike mapazi obiriwira pabedi lobiriwira.
Kubzala kumatha kuchitika pamanja kapena mwamakina. Mukabzala ndi dzanja, mizu yobiriwira yosakaniza ndi mbewu zimatha kusakanikirana kwambiri m'malo ena, kenako kufalikira ndi dzanja. Kusakaniza nyemba ndi mchenga kumathandizira kufalitsa mbewuzo mothandizidwawo. Mbewu yamakina imatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ndulu za mbewu, mbewu za m'manja kapena hydraulic. Kuyika masamba ambiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mbeu yokankha ndi dzanja. Mukamagwira ntchito, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa mwachangu kuthamanga kwa mbewa yoyenda, ndipo mbewu yopanga mbewu iyenera kusinthidwa moyenerera kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chopanga mbewu. Pofuna kuchepetsa mapazi otsalira pabedi lobiriwira,Mbeu za Hydraulicnthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbeu zobiriwira. Kaya kufesa makina kapena kufesa m'matumbo, ziyenera kuchitika nyengo yopanda anthu, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mbewu zisapsa kunja kwa zobiriwira.
Kuthira kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika pongobzala. Ndizofunikira kuti mawonekedwe azikhala onyowa panthawi yobzala kuti mbewu zisafonge ndikusiya kuthekera kwawo kumera.
2.2 tsinde ndi nthambi kufesa: Njira zamagetsi zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kubzala ndi nthambi zobiriwira. Njira zachikhalidwe zobzala amadyera ndi zimayambira ndipo nthambi zili motere:
① Dulani zoyambira ndi nthambi kukhala zazifupi zazifupi 2 mpaka 5cm motalika;
② Kuwaza theka la zoyambira ndi nthambi pa bedi lobiriwira;
③ Gwiritsani odzigudubuza kuti agule tsinde ndi nthambi kuti azilumikizana kwathunthu ndi bedi lathyathyathya;
④ Chicorver ndi mizu yobiriwira yosakaniza ndi makulidwe a 2 mpaka 5 mm;
⑤ Gwiritsani ntchito odzigudubuza kuti azungulire nthambi kuti agwirizane kwathunthu ndi dothi ndikupanga bwino.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kubzala zimayambira ndi nthambi kuti apange malo osungirako boti, omwe amayenera kulipiridwa kuti azisunga zimayambira ndi nthambi zatsopano. Zizindikiro zonse ndi nthambi zizifesedwa mkati mwa masiku awiri mutakolola. Kutentha koyenera, chinyezi ndi mpweya wabwino ziyenera kusungidwa nthawi yosungirako. Nthambi zomwe zimayamba chikasu chifukwa cha kutentha ndi zouma chifukwa kutayika kwa madzi ziyenera kuwunjika. Osagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa mbewu.
2.3 Kubzala (tsinde): Kufesa kuchuluka kwa udzu kumadalira zinthu monga kuyera kwa mbewu, kumera kwa mbewu. Musanafesere, zisonyezo monga kuchuluka kwa nyemba kumera ndi mbewu zambewu ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mbeu yoyenera. Mbewu zoyenerera za udzu wa udzu zikayenera kukhala kuti mbewu zamalamulo zazing'ono zimafika 15,000 mbewu pa mita imodzi. Palibe muyeso woyeserera wokhazikika pakufesa kwa masamba ndi nthambi, ndipo nthawi zambiri pamakhala zotsimikizika molingana ndi zokumana nazo.
2.4 Kubzala Turf: Kubzala nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso zobiriwira komanso kumanganso. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pomwe udzu wobiriwira umabzalidwa koyamba. Kutupa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika kudzakhala masamba amodzi ophatikizika osiyanasiyana othina komanso kukhala ndi dothi lofanana ndi muzu wa dothi lobiriwira lomwe Turf lidzabzalidwe. Chipwirikiti chobiriwira chimakhala chobiriwira nthawi zambiri chimadulidwa mu 0.6m × 0.6m, ndi makulidwe a khungu ndi nthaka sayenera kupitirira 1.5cm. Malangizo otsatirawa ayenera kugwidwa ndi kachilomboka potayika: ② Samalani mukamanyamula zidutswa za Turf kuti zisatambasulidwe kapena kuwononga turf. Samalani kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti m'mbali mwa zigamba ziwiri zoyandikana zimalumikizidwa komanso zosawoneka bwino, ndipo sizingathe kugundana. ④ Pa nthawi yobzala, matabwa a matabwa ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa anthu kuti ayendetse kuti apewe mapazi ochulukirapo pabedi lobiriwira.
Pambuyo pa Turf yaikidwa, yobwezeretsani mchenga ndikuyimitsa madera ena ndi kulumikizana bwino ndi mipata yolumikizira malo osungirako manja ndi lathyathyathya. Kenako, kupondereza ndikuthirira. Kuthirira kwa nthawi yake ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwaulamuliro wa udzu. Kuyambira tsopano kupitirira, sabata limodzi lililonse, dothi laling'ono liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudera lonse. Zinthu za dothi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi dothi muzu wapansi panthaka.
Post Nthawi: Jul-05-2024