Chidziwitso cha Maudzu ndi njira ya gofu. Kupambana kapena kulephera kwa maphunziro Malamulo a LawnZimakhudza mwachindunji ntchitoyi komanso phindu lachuma. Kuwongolera kwasayansi ndi zabwino, sikungakope osewera ambiri ndikubweretsa zabwino zachuma ku bwalo, komanso zimapanganso mbiri yabwino ya bwaloli ndikuwonjezera kutchuka kwa bwaloli. Wobiriwira ndiye siginecha ya gofu. Kuonera ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa wobiriwira kumakhudza mwachindunji kumverera kwa golfer. Kufufuza kwa gofu. Chifukwa chake, pafupifupi masamba onse a gofu omwe angabzalidwe ndi bendgrass amasankhidwa kuti azionera ndi kuwonera. Kukwapula kwabwinoko. Mukasankha zokwawa zokwawa, mumasankhanso zovuta pakukonza ndi kuwongolera. Otsatirawa ndi ena mwa omwe adagwira ntchito ku Stambo pa Stadium matenda kupewa ndi kuwongolera m'zaka zaposachedwa.
一. Mabakiteri A Makonda a Pathogenic
Matenda a Stadium Turf amayamba chifukwa cha bowa. Monga mtundu wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, bowa amapangidwa ndi hyphae yomwe imayambira mu mycelium. Mafanga amakhala ndi moyo potenga michere kudzera mu mycelium. Spores ndi mawonekedwe a bowa. Ma spores amafalikira kumtunduyo kudzera mumphepo, mvula ndi makanema ena. Makhalidwe akakhala oyenera, omwe amamera amamera ndikupanga bowa. Spores ndiye mtundu waukulu wa matenda kufalitsa. Kuvulala kwakukulu komwe kumachitika ndi bowa ndikuti bowa amatenga michere kuchokera ku mbewu, kuwononga maselo a mbewu ndi minyewa, ndikuyambitsa mbewu. Mafanga amatha kugawidwa m'mafangasi ndi bowa wa parasitic. Mafangayi bowa amadyetsa zinthu zakufa, pomwe mafakitale a parasitic amadya zamoyo ndi zomwe zimachitika pamoyo.
Mafanga alibe minofu yochititsa madzi ndipo imangodalira chinyezi chakunja kuti chiziberekanso. Chifukwa chake, bowa sagwira ntchito nyengo youma, yomwe ndichifukwa chake matenda oyamba ndi fungus amapezeka kwambiri nyengo yotentha.
Matenda akuluakulu a gofu: bulauni, Pytium, zowola zokwanira, malo olemera, malo a masika, necrotitic ringspot, etc.
二. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda
Zomwe zimapangitsa matenda pa gofu movutikira makamaka kutentha, ufiti, unyowe, womwe umatha kufotokozedwa mwachidule.
1.clima ndi zachilengedwe
Malo a nyengo ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda, momwe kutentha ndi chinyezi chachikulu kwambiri. Matenda aliwonse amafunika kutentha, chinyezi komanso zopepuka zimayenera kukula kwake komanso kubereka kwake. Zinthu zabwinozi zikachitika, tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa zimagwira ndipo zimatha kukula mwachangu, potengera udzu. Pakati pawo, nyengo yanyontho ndiyomwe imakhala yabwino kwambiri yoyambitsa matenda oyamba ndi fungus; Kutentha ndiye gawo lachiwiri lofunikira pakukakamiza matenda.
Kuphatikiza pa kutentha ndi chinyezi, budring ndiyofunikanso pokopa matenda opatsirana. Kuwala kochepa ndikofunikira ntchito ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mitundu yayitali ndi mikono yayitali imakhala ndi chinyezi chambiri zimapangitsa mbewu za udzu komanso zowutsa mudyo, zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi kachilomboka mosavuta ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
2. Kusamalirazinthu
Kukhazikitsa kosayenera kwa kasamalidwe kulikonse kumabweretsa matenda. Zowongolera Zinthu Zomwe Zimapangitsa Kuti Matenda Odwala makamaka: kudulira, kuphatikiza, kukulitsa njira zothirira komanso zoyeserera zomwe zimatsogolera ku matenda oyambitsidwa ndi udzu.
Kudulira kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda. Nthawi iliyonse mukadumpha, nsonga za masamba zimavulala, ndipo mitsempha yamasamba yovulala imapereka mwayi kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toyambitsa; Kuthirira pang'ono kuthirira kumasunga udzu wonyowa nthawi zonse, ndikupanga malo opangira udzu kuti akule. Chinyezi chochuluka chimathandizira zochitika za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso zimayambitsa matenda; Matenda opatsirana kwambiri amakhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni kumapangitsa udzu kukhala wokhazikika komanso wautali, ndipo mbewuzo zimakhala zofewa komanso zowutsa mudyo, zomwe zimakhala ndi matenda a matenda; Makulidwe ochuluka a dothi la udzu ndi mpweya wabwino wowuma umawonjezera kuthekera kwa matenda; Kuchepa kwa nthaka ya udzu sikungokulitsa chinyezi cha dothi ndipo kumalimbikitsa ntchito yochuluka, komanso kumakhudza kukula ndi kukula kwa mizu ya udzu ndikuchepetsa matendawa kukana udzu.
Kukula kwa oyang'anira udzu komanso kuchuluka kwa kasamalidwe kofunikira ndi udzu kumakhudzananso ndi matendawa. Nthawi zambiri, kuopsa kwa matendawa kumalumikizidwa bwino ndi kuchuluka kwa kasamalidwe komwe kunayambitsa udzu. Kukula kwa mphamvu ya kasamalidwe, mwayi waukulu matenda. Malo ogulitsira udzu omwe ali pamaphunzirowa ndi obiriwira, komanso obiriwira ashati obiriwira ali ndi matenda ochulukirapo; Lachiwiri ndi tee, chifukwa kulimba mtima komwe kumayikidwa pa tee ndi chachiwiri chobiriwira; Wachitatu ndi udzu wambiri, wowoneka bwino kwambiri pa gofu ndi wotsika kuposa wa bokosi la tee, koma wamkulu kuposa wa malo okwera; Malo okwera udzu ndi malo okhala ndi udzu wochepa kwambiri pamaphunzirowa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa feteleza, ma feteleza, othira udzu wokwera ndi wocheperako kuposa madera ena. Itha kuwoneka kuti kasamalidwe ka udzuwo kupezeka kupezekako kumawoneka kuti ndi kutsutsana kosatsutsika. Komabe, ntchito yathu ikutsimikizira kuti poyang'anira zoyenera ndi kupewa sayansi komanso njira zowongolera, kutsutsana kumeneku kumathetsedwa.
三. Kupewera kwa sayansi ndi njira zowongolera
Kupewa kwa Stadium ndi kuwongolera kumatanthauza njira yabwino yopewera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito othandizira otetezeka komanso achilengedwe kuti athetse kukula kwa matenda ndikubwezeretsa kukula kwa udzu pomwe matendawa amayamba kuwonekera. Matenda opatsirana akuluakulu komanso ofala m'magawo ambiri mdziko langa, ndipo pafupifupi ma fungicides onse aulimi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndi kuwongolera. Ngakhale maphunziro a gofu ndi ogulitsa kwambiri komanso ochulukirapo, poyerekeza ndi malamulo ogwirira nawo ntchito, pafupifupi maphunziro onse a gofu safuna ndalama zokwanira. Mu Gofu Koyang'anira Lamulo, Maphunziro ambiri a gofu amayembekeza mpaka matenda opatsirana akuluakulu a udzuwo asanalandire chithandizo. Komabe, chifukwa ndizovuta kugula zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa mwapadera gofu pamsika, manejala a ku Turf adayesa njira iliyonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri ndi mphamvu posankha zinthu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zotsatira zake zinali theka lazomwe zimachitika kawiri. Turf wa gofu ali ndi malo ake enieni okhala ndi zachilengedwe. Kuphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a chinthucho, zimakhala zovuta kukhala ndi chitsimikizo chofunikira kwambiri pa matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda a matenda. Chifukwa chake, kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda a gofu a Turf ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera. Mwanjira imeneyi zomwe zingathandize kuti zitheke bwino, ndipo malondawo angawonetsetse kuti zitha kuthana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe nthawi zonse amakhala nawo.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zopewa ndi zowongolera:
1. Kupewa ndikofunikira kwambiri komanso chithandizo choyambirira.
Zikutanthauza kuti munthawi yochenjera tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuwongolera, njira zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsera ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa molondola, ndipo njira yokwanira muyeso iyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino, kuti zitheke kuti udzuwu muulimi wathanzi ndikuchepetsa matenda. Kachiwiri, pewani matenda kudzera pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse malo ogwiritsira ntchito zachilengedwe. Osadikirira mpaka matendawa atapezeka asanakhazikitse njira zothandizira kupewa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera mankhwala.
2. Pambuyo kudulira, kupewa kupopera mbewu kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewa matenda osokoneza bongo.
3. Umuna wasayansi ndi kuthirira kwanzeru.
4. Kudulira kwasayansi ndi koyenera.
5. Kuzindikira koyambirira, kuzindikira koyambirira komanso chithandizo choyambirira.
6. Gwiritsani ntchito mapulani a akatswiri a matenda owononga matenda
Post Nthawi: Jun-25-2024